A New Computer Program for Pile Capacity Prediction using CPT Data     

J. R. Omer  R. Delpak  R. B. Robinson 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(2):399-426

An interactive computer program “GLAMCPT” is developed for application in soil profiling and prediction of pile load capacity using cone penetration test (CPT) and laboratory soil test results. GLAMCPT calculates pile capacity according to 10 selected methods from European design codes, refereed international publications and recommendations of professional institutions. To demonstrate the capabilities of the program, a database of comprehensive ground investigation and full-scale pile tests in sand, at a Belgian site, is analysed using GLAMCPT. The database comprises 11 static tests and 12 dynamic tests on piles of different construction techniques, including driven pre-cast concrete piles and screwed cast in-situ piles, installed using 5 different procedures. Prior to pile installation, CPTs were carried out at each proposed pile location. Comparison of GLAMCPT predictions with the observed pile capacities reveals that the most accurate of the existing methods yields an average, μ, of predicted to observed pile head capacity [P_uh(p)/P_uh(m)] equal to 0.94. The most consistent method produces a coeffcient of variation (COV) of [P_uh(p)/P_uh(m)] equal to 0.1 and ranking index (RI) of 0.08. Parametric studies have been carried out using GLAMCPT to formulate an improved predictive method, which yielded: μ = 0.99, COV = 0.07 and RI = 0.04.  相似文献   

储集层大孔道的识别及调剖技术研究     

吴诗勇  李自安  姚峰 《华东地质学院学报》2006,29(3):245-248

储层大孔道是在油田长期注水条件下,油层内部形成的高水相流体渗流优势通道。主要表现为三高:高孔隙度、高水相渗透率及高含水饱和度。注采过程中一旦形成大孔道,就会造成注入水长期无效或低效循环,不仅影响了油田可采油的动用程度,而且增加了开发成本。因此,必须加强对大孔道的识别及调剖。目前,大孔道的识别还主要是停留在定性到半定量之间,主要方法有:井间示踪剂方法,通过生产、测井过程中积累的经验值进行判断的方法,以及利用多参数进行综合判断的方法。大孔道的调剖主要是选取与油层相匹配的、价格经济的、堵水效果好的调剖剂,另外,注入方式也很重要。  相似文献   

Quaternary faulting in the Upper Rhine Graben revealed by high-resolution multi-channel reflection seismic     

Guillaume Bertrand  Philippe Elsass  Gunther Wirsing  Alex Luz 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2006,338(8):574-580

A high-resolution multichannel seismic reflection river profiling campaign was completed in July 2002 in the southern Upper Rhine graben (URG), along the River Rhine. Preliminary results show apparent Quaternary vertical slip rates, on intra-graben faults that are relatively slow, of the order of a few thousandths to a few hundredths of mm/yr. Moreover, kinematical data from the Ludwigshafen area show decreasing vertical slip rates since the Middle Pleistocene and/or a migration of tectonic activity. While still preliminary, these data show inhomogeneous and relatively slow tectonic activity in the URG that could probably not alone have shaped the Quaternary graben morphology. To cite this article: G. Bertrand et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).  相似文献   

风廓线雷达资料在GRAPES-Meso模式中的同化应用研究     

王丹  阮征  王改利  朱立娟  田伟红  李丰 《大气科学》2019,43(3):634-654

以未来业务化应用为目标,本文进行了业务数值预报模式GRAPES_Meso（Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System）中的风廓线雷达资料同化应用研究。基于2015年7月的全国风廓线雷达观测数据,首先建立了面向同化应用的风廓线雷达资料两步质量控制方案。通过对比分析质量控制前后风廓线雷达观测资料集与欧洲中心再分析资料ERA-Interim的差值场特征,论证了质量控制方案的合理性,两步质控后风场误差显著减小,同时观测背景差更接近高斯分布,符合数值同化应用假设。将质量控制后的风廓线雷达资料应用于GRAPES-3DVAR系统,开展有、无风廓线雷达资料同化的对比试验,通过批量试验和台风“莲花”个例分析来探讨风廓线雷达资料同化对数值预报的影响。研究表明:在循环同化过程中加入风廓线雷达资料对数值模式初始场有一定改善,风场、温度场、湿度场的分析误差均有减小,从而使短期降水（0～12 h）的预报技巧得以提高。针对台风暴雨个例分析结果表明,风廓线雷达资料同化能有效地调整台风降水区的动力结构和水汽分布,在模式中形成更有利于对流发展的环境条件,从而更好地预报降水的位置与强度。  相似文献   

利用Argo剖面浮标分析上层海洋对台风“布拉万”的响应   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

刘增宏  许建平  孙朝辉  吴晓芬 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(11):90-101

In situ observations from Argo profiling floats combined with satellite retrieved SST and rain rate are used to investigate an upper ocean response to Typhoon Bolaven from 20 through 29 August 2012. After the passage of Typhoon Bolaven, the deepening of mixed layer depth(MLD), and the cooling of mixed layer temperature(MLT) were observed. The changes in mixed layer salinity(MLS) showed an equivalent number of increasing and decreasing because the typhoon-induced salinity changes in the mixed layer were influenced by precipitation, evaporation, turbulent mixing and upwelling of thermocline water. The deepening of the MLD and the cooling of the MLT indicated a significant rightward bias, whereas the MLS was freshened to the left side of the typhoon track and increased on the other side. Intensive temperature and salinity profiles observed by Iridium floats make it possible to view response processes in the upper ocean after the passage of a typhoon. The cooling in the near-surface and the warming in the subsurface were observed by two Iridium floats located to the left side of the cyclonic track during the development stage of the storm, beyond the radius of maximum winds relative to the typhoon center. Water salinity increases at the base of the mixed layer and the top of the thermocline were the most obvious change observed by those two floats. On the right side of the track and near the typhoon center when the typhoon was intensified, the significant cooling from sea surface to a depth of 200×104 Pa, with the exception of the water at the top of the thermocline, was observed by the other Iridium float. Owing to the enhanced upwelling near the typhoon center, the water salinity in the near-surface increased noticeably. The heat pumping from the mixed layer into the thermocline induced by downwelling and the upwelling induced by the positive wind stress curl are the main causes for the different temperature and salinity variations on the different sides of the track. It seems that more time is required for the anomalies in the subsurface to be restored to pretyphoon conditions than for the anomalies in the mixed layer.  相似文献   

Upper-ocean hydrography of the Nordic Seas during the International Polar Year (2007–2008) as observed by instrumented seals and Argo floats     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

Following indications of recent warming trends in the Nordic Seas, we have studied the hydrography of these marginal seas from the summer of 2007 until the fall of 2008, using observations gathered by instrumented seals and Argo floats. The combined dataset shows that the upper ocean was indeed both warmer and saltier over much of the Nordic Seas in 2007–2008 compared to the average ocean state for the period 1956–2006 (based on the World Ocean Atlas 2009). There are also indications that the surface Polar Waters of the East Greenland Current were colder and fresher than the climatology, though the quality of the climatology is questionable for this region given the low number of historical observations. Dynamic height calculations suggest that the observed hydrographic changes were associated with enhanced northward upper-ocean thermal wind transport in the east and possibly also enhanced southward transport in the west.  相似文献   

印度洋预报系统混合层深度预报检验          下载免费PDF全文

姜春飞  乔方利  王关锁  赵昌 《海洋科学进展》2014,32(4)

利用Argo浮标资料和Rama浮标资料对印度洋海洋环境数值预报系统2010-03-06—2013-05-31的24h混合层深度产品进行了预报精度检验。与Argo浮标数据对比表明:预报与观测绝对平均误差为13m,24h混合层深度预报平均偏浅10m以内;对苏门答腊岛附近海域(5°S~4°N,87°~99°E)的混合层深度预报平均偏浅20m,该海域预报平均风速偏小1.6m/s是可能原因;其它海域预报能力较高,尤其对热带中南印度洋区域(5°~17°S,63°~96°E)平均误差集中在-2~2m。分海域检验对比结果表明:该预报系统能很好的预测出阿拉伯海(60°~70°E,10°~20°N)和孟加拉湾(85°~93°E,10°~18°N)处混合层半年周期变化特征;热带南印度洋(60°~80°E,15°~19°S)混合层呈现明显季节变化特征,且在每年8,9月份达到最大值;热带外南印度洋(45°~70°E,0°~10°S)混合层常年较为浅薄;Argo与Rama数据所得结果一致;预报系统对上述特征均能很好地预测。  相似文献   

Transcription profiling using RNA-Seq demonstrates expression differences in the body walls of juvenile albino and normal sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus     

马得友  杨红生  孙丽娜  陈慕雁 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(1):34-46

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一次多相态天气过程的风廓线雷达探测资料特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李峰  施红蓉 《气象》2014,40(8):992-999

利用国产对流层Ⅱ型风廓线雷达资料对2012年3月17日北京地区经历的雾霾雨雪多相态天气过程进行了诊断分析,结果表明风廓线雷达探测产品能够很好地判别上述天气的发展转变过程,可以揭示降水过程的细节变化。雾霾维持时,风廓线雷达一般能够探测到非常弱的水平风和大气垂直运动,大气折射率参数很小,而近地面层信噪比则表现出较强的信号,高度一般在850 hPa以下,其上层大气的信噪比很弱,表现为晴空状态,上下对比度非常明显。同时,风廓线频谱高度图表现为无降水特征。降水发生前,对流层的信噪比会明显增强,风廓线雷达垂直波束的径向速度V_r首先在中高层出现正值,反映出下沉运动的不断增强现象,同时其他两对对称波束V_r不再维持对称形态。降水发生时,5个波束V_r自地面向上均转变为正值,且最大速度一般位于近地面层,同时最大V_r也不集中在垂直波束,反映了降雨过程中存在着风的影响。此时,谱宽一般稳定维持在1~2 m·s~(-1)。当降水发生相态转变时,谱宽会有明显的减小,信噪比增强,频谱图中V_r有所减弱,这种变化通常发生在整个边界层到对流层。降水结束时,上述现象成相反变化,谱宽增加,信噪比减弱,5个波束V_r呈对称形态。  相似文献   

Profiling and comparison of color body wall transcriptome of normal juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) and those produced by crossing albino     

Deyou Ma  Hongsheng Yang  Lina Sun 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(6):1033-1042

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